Environmental Costs Lithium Mining Devastation: The Hidden Environmental Cost of BESS Thermal runaway can release explosive force, toxic gases, PFAS-contaminated smoke, and carcinogenic firewater run-off. Emergency services currently lack adequate standards. Massive Water Depletion 500,000 litres of water needed to mine just one tonne of lithium. Significant Carbon Footprint 15 tonnes of CO2 emissions for every tonne of lithium extracted. Local Ecological Ruin Causes soil degradation, water scarcity, and air contamination in mining regions. Concentrated Global Impact 90% of lithium mining concentrated in Australia, Chile, Argentina, and China, intensifying local ecological pressure. Impending Battery Waste Crisis By 2030, 15 million metric tons of discarded batteries will end up in landfills, creating a hazardous waste challenge. Hard Rock Extraction Emissions Hard rock extraction emits up to 17.1 tonnes of CO₂ per tonne of lithium, further escalating climate impact. Brine Extraction Emissions Traditional brine extraction emits up to 2.8 tonnes of CO₂ per tonne of lithium. Social Injustice & Displacement Displacement of indigenous communities from ancestral lands, threatening cultural heritage. Toxic Chemical Contamination Leads to chemical contamination from sulfuric acid and other extraction chemicals.